Both copper and fiber optic cabling transfer information, but they use different methods. Copper cables transmit data by sending electrical signals through their metallic strands. On the other hand, fiber optic cables transmit data by conveying pulses of light through flexible threads made of glass.

This difference results in fiber optics being the more advantageous choice for setting up a new or improved network, despite the higher initial costs being justified by the benefits it offers.

Other reasons that make fiber optic cabling better than copper cabling are:

Transmission is faster

The conventional method for gauging data transfer speeds is through bandwidth. In modern times, this is quantified in units like gigabits per second (Gbps) or even terabits per second (Tbps).

Presently, copper-dependent transmissions reach a maximum of 40 Gbps, whereas fiber optic transmissions can approach the velocity of light. To be precise, the bandwidth restrictions on fiber optics are mostly theoretical but have been experimentally shown to be in the range of hundreds of terabits per second.

Transmission covers greater distances

Both copper and fiber-based communication experience attenuation, which is a reduction in the strength of the waveform signal as it travels over a distance. Nevertheless, fiber optic cables excel in transmitting data over significantly extended distances. The contrasts are substantial.

Copper cables adhere to standards that cap their lengths at around 100 meters (about 330 feet). While longer distances might be theoretically achievable, they could introduce additional issues, rendering copper less dependable for transmission over greater spans. In contrast, fiber optic cabling, contingent on the signaling method and cable type, can effectively transmit data for distances exceeding 24 miles.

Impervious to Electromagnetic Interference (EMI)

Due to its inherent characteristics, the electrical signaling within a copper network link produces an interference field surrounding the cables. When multiple cables are nearby, this interference can seep into neighboring cables, impeding the intended communication.

In contrast, light-based transmission in fiber optic connections doesn't generate any electromagnetic interference (EMI). As a result, fiber optics offer enhanced security and entail fewer instances of message retransmissions, ultimately contributing to a more favorable return on investment (ROI).

Enhances cable management

Fiber optic strands, measured in microns, transmit high volumes of data at higher speeds over longer distances than broader copper cables. They need protective covering, widening them to two millimeters.

In contrast, a standard category 6 copper cable is wider, carrying less data. Fiber optics take less space, offering flexibility and aiding airflow in data centers. This cable reduction also improves equipment access and aesthetics.

Protects the network

Each year, our data consumption and bandwidth demands grow. Opting for modern fiber optic cabling ensures future-proof network speeds without cable replacements. A robust multifiber backbone in a structured setup remains viable for years, perhaps even decades, accommodating rising bandwidth needs.

In contrast, the lifespan of copper category specifications is around five years. Consider that equipment costs tend to decline over time, including switches, signaling optics, and servers. This suggests that advanced connectivity will likely become more cost-effective in the future.

Bottom Line

Choosing a suitable network medium depends on your requirements. Yet, if substantial bandwidth is crucial, investing in resilient, expandable infrastructure is a prudent investment. As highlighted, fiber optic cabling offers superior ROI due to speed, durability, clean signaling, and compact size. Copper cables serve their purposes, lowering initial expenses. A blend of both, while considering future expansion, is an advantageous strategy.